![]() The whole flight took 16 minutes from launch to return. The rocket travelled at 9,000km/h, and reached an altitude of 251km. On January 31, 1961, Ham was launched into space, strapped into a capsule inside the nosecone of a Mercury-Redstone rocket. Ham showed great aptitude, and was selected the day before the flight. The chosen chimp would test life support systems and demonstrate that equipment could be operated during spaceflight. The astrochimps were trained to pull levers, with a banana pellet as a reward and an electric shock to the feet for failure. He was captured and taken to an astronaut school for chimps at Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico. Ham was born in 1957 in a rainforest in the Central African nation of Cameroon, then a French territory. Kennedy promised to land humans on the Moon by the end of the 1960s. The stakes became higher when US President John F. While the USSR focused on dogs, the US turned to chimpanzees as they were the most like humans. She died, but from overheating rather than the effects of space travel itself. The Soviet Union sent the dog Laika into orbit on Sputnik 2 in 1957. Plants, insects and animals had been taken to high altitudes in balloons and rockets since the 18th century. ![]() The science fiction writer and warfare expert Cordwainer Smith wrote about the psychological pain of being in space. In the 1950s, it was unclear whether humans could survive outside Earth - both physically and mentally. In this process, he became the first hominin in space. On January 31, 1961, an intrepid chimpanzee called Ham was launched on a rocket from Cape Canaveral in the United States, and returned to Earth alive.
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